[Gene pool of Buryats: clinal variability and territorial subdivision based on data of Y-chromosome markers]

The structure of the Buryat gene pool has been studied based on the composition and frequency of Y-chromosome haplogroups in eight geographically distant populations. Eleven haplotypes have been found in the Buryat gene pool, two of which are the most frequent (N1cl and C3d). The greatest difference in haplogroup frequencies was fixed between the western and eastern Buryat samples. The evaluation of genetic diversity based on haplotype frequencies revealed that it has low values in most of the samples. The evaluation of the genetic differentiation of the examined samples using an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) shows that the Buryat gene pool is highly differentiated by haplotype frequencies. Phylogenetic analysis within haplo-groups N1cl and C3d revealed a strong founder effect, i.e., reduced diversity and starlike phylogeny of the median network of haplotypes that form specific subclusters. The results of a phylogenetic analysis of the haplogroups identified common genetic components for Buryats and Mongols.