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Updated: Apr 17, 2026

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Fluorescence Properties of Diphenylthiazolo[4,5-b]pyrazines Tuned by Donor-Acceptor Substituent Effects
Tatsuki Nakagawa1, Minoru Yamaji2, Shojiro Maki1
1Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan.
Abstract:
Fluorescence properties of 2,6- and 2,5-diphenylthiazolo[4,5-b]pyrazine (TPy) derivatives having an electron-donating substituent (methoxy and dimethylamino) on the 6- and 5-phenyl groups were studied. It was found that 2,6-diphenyl derivatives fluoresce more efficiently than 2,5-diphenyl derivatives. Furthermore, a 2,6-diphenyl derivative having an additional cyano group on the 2-phenyl ring was an excellent fluorophore showing a wide solvatochromism with great fluorescence yields. Based on the obtained spectroscopic data and mechanistic explanations concerning the substituent effects on the fluorescence properties, useful information on designing new TPy fluorophores is provided.
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