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Related Concept Videos

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Lineage Commitment01:21

Lineage Commitment

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Commitment is the  process whereby stem cells:
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Hemogenic Reprogramming of Human Fibroblasts by Enforced Expression of Transcription Factors
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Hemogenic Reprogramming of Human Fibroblasts by Enforced Expression of Transcription Factors

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Transcription factor-mediated reprogramming toward hematopoietic stem cells.

Wataru Ebina1, Derrick J Rossi2

  • 1Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

The EMBO Journal
|February 26, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Generating human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from other cell types is a key goal in regenerative medicine. Recent advances use transcription factors to convert cells directly into HSCs, paving the way for new therapies.

Keywords:
cell fate conversionhematopoietic stem cellsinduced reprogrammingtranscription factors

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Hematopoiesis

Background:

  • Generating human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from renewable sources remains a significant challenge in regenerative medicine.
  • Current research focuses on mimicking developmental processes to achieve HSC generation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent strategies for de novo HSC generation using combinatorial transcription factor (TF)-mediated fate conversion.
  • To discuss the integration of hematopoietic transcriptional regulation in these conversion strategies.
  • To explore future directions for generating therapeutic human HSCs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on TF-mediated cell fate conversion.
  • Analysis of strategies for direct conversion of various cell types towards HSCs.
  • Integration of findings within the context of hematopoietic transcriptional regulation.

Main Results:

  • Substantial progress has been made in HSC generation via TF-mediated fate conversion.
  • Combinatorial TF approaches offer a promising paradigm, inspired by Yamanaka's work on induced pluripotent stem cells.
  • Direct conversion strategies are being developed from diverse starting cell populations.

Conclusions:

  • TF-mediated cell fate conversion is a viable strategy for HSC generation.
  • Further development is needed to achieve the ultimate goal of therapeutic human HSCs.
  • Understanding hematopoietic transcriptional regulation is crucial for optimizing these methods.