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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Part of Parasympathetic Division01:18

Cranial Part of Parasympathetic Division

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The cranial part of the parasympathetic division plays a crucial role in regulating the visceral functions of the head and specific structures in the neck, thoracic, and abdominopelvic cavities. Preganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic division exit the brain through cranial nerves III (oculomotor), VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal), and X (vagus), delivering parasympathetic output to the respective visceral structures.
The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) alone accounts for approximately 75...
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Sympathetic Pathways: Sympathetic Chain Ganglia01:20

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The sympathetic chain ganglia, also known as the sympathetic trunk ganglia or paravertebral ganglia, are a series of ganglia located bilaterally on either side of the spinal column. These ganglia serve as relay stations for the sympathetic nervous system. Preganglionic neurons originating in the spinal cord project their axons to the sympathetic chain ganglia. Within the ganglia, these preganglionic fibers synapse with postganglionic neurons.The postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic trunk...
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Cranial Nerves: Types Part II01:22

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Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves. While the first six innervate the head and neck, the latter six nerves innervate the head and neck, as well as organs and tissues in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. They facilitate communication, expression, and autonomic control within the human body.
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The neuronal supply to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is essential for regulating various functions, including digestion, absorption, and movement of food. This intricate network of nerves is known as the enteric nervous system (ENS), often referred to as the "second brain" of the body.
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The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is a crucial component of the body's neural network, extending beyond the central nervous system (CNS) to bridge the gap between the CNS and the external environment. It encompasses nerves, ganglia, and sensory receptors.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Surgical Technique for Superior Cervical Ganglionectomy in a Murine Model
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Malignant Vagal Paraganglioma.

Erin R S Hamersley1,2, Amy Barrows3, Angel Perez3

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA, 23708, USA. erinspadaro@gmail.com.

Head and Neck Pathology
|February 26, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Malignant vagal paragangliomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors. This case study details the presentation, diagnosis, and management of a malignant vagal paraganglioma in a young adult, contributing to limited literature.

Keywords:
Carotid body tumorMalignant paragangliomaParaganglioma

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrine Tumors
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Head and Neck Cancer

Background:

  • Paragangliomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors, often benign, originating from specific nerve cells.
  • While typically benign, a small subset of head and neck paragangliomas exhibit malignant potential.
  • Vagal paragangliomas, arising from the vagus nerve, are particularly uncommon, with limited data on malignant forms.

Observation:

  • A 25-year-old female presented with a left-sided malignant vagal paraganglioma.
  • The case highlights the clinical presentation and characteristic radiologic findings associated with this rare tumor.
  • Management strategies for malignant vagal paraganglioma were explored in this specific instance.

Findings:

  • The presented case contributes to the scarce literature on malignant vagal paragangliomas.
  • Radiologic findings were consistent with classic descriptions of paragangliomas.
  • The management approach for this specific malignant vagal paraganglioma is detailed.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering malignant potential in head and neck paragangliomas.
  • Further research into the optimal management of malignant vagal paragangliomas is warranted.
  • Enhanced understanding of rare neuroendocrine tumors can improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.