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Fiber-optic Implantation for Chronic Optogenetic Stimulation of Brain Tissue
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A wirelessly controlled implantable LED system for deep brain optogenetic stimulation.

Mark A Rossi1, Vinson Go2, Tracy Murphy2

  • 1Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University Durham, NC, USA.

Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience
|February 26, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a wireless, implantable light-emitting diode (LED) system for optogenetics. This innovation enables chronic, precise neural manipulation in freely moving mice without restricting their behavior.

Keywords:
channelrhodopsindirect pathwayfreely-behavingoptogeneticsstriatonigralwireless

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Optogenetics
  • Animal Behavior

Background:

  • Optogenetics is crucial for studying brain function in behaving animals.
  • Conventional optogenetics using lasers and optic fibers limits animal movement.
  • A need exists for less restrictive neural manipulation techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a wireless, implantable light-emitting diode (LED) system for optogenetic applications.
  • To assess the system's efficacy in manipulating neural activity and behavior in freely moving mice.
  • To demonstrate the long-term stability and minimal behavioral restriction of the wireless LED system.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a wirelessly controlled interface and small implantable LED for precise brain illumination.
  • Tested the system in transgenic mice expressing channelrhodopsin-2 in D1-receptor-expressing striatonigral neurons.
  • Administered optogenetic stimulation via the implantable LED to elicit specific movements.

Main Results:

  • Successfully elicited reliable movements in mice using the wireless LED system.
  • Observed stimulation-frequency-dependent twitches and contraversive turning.
  • Demonstrated long-term effectiveness (over 50 days) and minimal impact on natural mouse movements.

Conclusions:

  • The wireless LED system offers a flexible and precise method for chronic optogenetic manipulation.
  • This technology overcomes the behavioral limitations of conventional optogenetics.
  • It facilitates the study of neural circuits underlying behavior in unrestrained animals.