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Neural stem/progenitor cells react to non-glial cns neoplasms.

Jack Griffin Campbell1, Douglas C Miller2, Diane D Cundiff2

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Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Oncology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • The human brain harbors neural stem/progenitor cells.
  • These cells are known to migrate towards central nervous system (CNS) injuries.
  • Their role in non-glial CNS tumors is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and behavior of neural stem/progenitor cells in primary CNS lymphomas (NHL-CNS), carcinomas, and melanomas.
  • To determine if neural stem/progenitor cells contribute to the pathogenesis of these tumors.
  • To identify reliable markers for neural stem/progenitor cells in tumor microenvironments.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry was performed on neurosurgically obtained CNS tumor specimens.
  • Multiple markers including CD133, nestin, Group II Beta-tubulin, Musashi1, and Sox2 were used to identify neural stem/progenitor cells.
  • Double-label immunohistochemistry was employed to differentiate neural stem/progenitor cells from neoplastic and reactive glial cells (GFAP).

Main Results:

  • Neural stem/progenitor cells were observed accumulating at the tumor borders and advancing edges of NHL-CNS, carcinomas, and melanomas.
  • Sox2 demonstrated the most robust and clear labeling of these cells.
  • Double-labeling confirmed that Sox2-positive cells were distinct from neoplastic cells and included both reactive astrocytes and GFAP-negative cells.

Conclusions:

  • Neural stem/progenitor cells migrate to non-glial CNS neoplasms.
  • These cells appear to be a source of reactive astrocytes in the tumor microenvironment.
  • Sox2 is a reliable immunohistochemical marker for identifying neural stem/progenitor cells at the interface of CNS tumors and brain tissue.