[Diagnosis of overactive bladder (OAB)]

Overactive bladder (OAB) is a symptom complex which is present in approximately 17% of the European population. It is observed in the presence or absence of incontinence (wet or dry) and is associated with a high degree of psychological stress as well as high costs for the healthcare system. Myogenic, urothelial and neurogenic factors lead to frequently unknown changes of muscular, neural and connective tissue. The diagnosis of OAB is empirical and can be used as a basis for initial treatment, while lower urinary tract symptoms have to be evaluated up front. As there are no established biomarkers for OAB, a definitive diagnosis is problematic. It is important to carry out routine diagnostics including a detailed medical history and if needed urodynamic evaluation of the patient. Therapy of OAB will be the topic of a further continuing medical education (CME) article entitled "Therapy of overactive bladder (OAB)".