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Cytokine profile in children with inflammatory bowel disease
A P Toptygina1, E L Semikina, G V Bobyleva
1Gabrichevsky Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, 125212, Russia. toptyginaanna@rambler.ru.
Insights
Cytokine profiles in children with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) reveal distinct patterns in blood serum and stool. Stool analysis, a noninvasive method, offers a more comprehensive view of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) cytokine imbalances.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), involve immune dysregulation against microbial and auto-antigens.
- Understanding the cytokine profiles in pediatric IBD is crucial for diagnosis and treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and compare the cytokine profiles in the blood serum and coproextracts of children diagnosed with CD and UC.
- To determine if cytokine analysis in coproextracts is a more informative, noninvasive biomarker for pediatric IBD compared to serum analysis.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed 13 cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, IL-17A, TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-10) in blood serum and coproextracts from 17 children with CD, 17 with UC, and 18 controls with intestinal dysbiosis.
- Utilized BioPlex technology for cytokine quantification.
- Diagnoses were confirmed using established clinical and endoscopic criteria.
Main Results:
- In blood serum, patients with IBD showed elevated IL-17A and decreased TGF-β levels.
- Coproextract analysis revealed a broader spectrum of cytokine alterations, with significant increases in pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-12p70, TNF-α, IFN-γ) and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.
- The cytokine balance in coproextracts was markedly shifted towards pro-inflammatory markers, with substantial increases in TGF-β and IL-17A.
Conclusions:
- Cytokine profiling in coproextracts provides a more comprehensive and informative picture of the inflammatory state in pediatric IBD than serum analysis.
- Noninvasive determination of cytokines in stool is a simple and valuable tool for assessing IBD in children.
Abstract:
Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) characterized by immune reactivity against microbial and auto-antigens. This work was designed to study the cytokine profile in blood serum and coproextracts of children with CD and UC. The studied patients consisted of 17 children with CD (group I), 17 children with UC (group II), and 18 controls with intestinal dysbiosis (group III). The diagnosis of UC and CD was based on accepted clinical and endoscopic criteria. The levels of 13 cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17A, TNF-α, TGF-β, and IFN-γ) were determined in blood sera and coproextracts of the patients and controls using the BioPlex technology. The level of IL-17A was significantly increased and that of TGF-β was significantly decreased in the blood serum of the patients with IBDs. Changes in the cytokine profile in the coproextracts affected the wider spectrum of cytokines. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-12p70, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) were increased 6-9-fold, whereas the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was increased 3-fold. The cytokine balance was shifted to the proinflammatory cytokines. The TGF-β level was increased 9-fold and that of IL-17A was increased 3-fold. Thus, the cytokine profile in the coproextracts was more informative than that of the blood serum. The determination of cytokines in coproextracts is simple and noninvasive.
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