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Related Concept Videos

Epistasis01:39

Epistasis

51.6K
In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
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Epistasis Analysis01:09

Epistasis Analysis

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Although Mendel chose seven unrelated traits in peas to study gene segregation, most traits involve multiple gene interactions that create a spectrum of phenotypes. When the interaction of various genes or alleles at different locations influences a phenotype, this is called epistasis. Epistasis often involves one gene masking or interfering with the expression of another (antagonistic epistasis). Epistasis often occurs when different genes are part of the same biochemical pathway. The...
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Incomplete Dominance01:43

Incomplete Dominance

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Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
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Trihybrid Crosses02:27

Trihybrid Crosses

26.8K
Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal...
26.8K
Monohybrid Crosses01:20

Monohybrid Crosses

242.1K
Overview
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Lethal Alleles02:41

Lethal Alleles

19.9K
Agouti: A Lethal Allele
Lucien Cuénot discovered lethal alleles in 1905 while studying the inheritance of coat color in mice. The agouti gene is responsible for the color of the coat in mice. This gene codes for an agouti-signaling protein, which is responsible for melanin distribution in mammals. The wild-type allele gives rise to gray-brown coat color in mice, while the mutant allele gives rise to yellow coat color. In addition to coat color, the agouti gene is associated with the yellow...
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Related Experiment Video

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Annotation of Plant Gene Function via Combined Genomics, Metabolomics and Informatics
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[Genetics of anthocyaninless rye].

A N Lykholay, I A Vladimirov, E A Andreeva

    Genetika
    |February 28, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers identified six nonallelic genes controlling anthocyanin pigment in rye. Most new mutants were linked to the vi1 gene, with some showing unusual segregation patterns during inheritance studies.

    Area of Science:

    • Genetics and Plant Breeding
    • Molecular Biology
    • Agricultural Science

    Context:

    • Anthocyanins are crucial plant pigments involved in various biological processes, including UV protection and signaling.
    • Understanding the genetic basis of anthocyanin production is vital for crop improvement and understanding plant development.
    • Rye (Secale cereale) possesses a complex genome, making genetic analysis challenging.

    Purpose:

    • To identify and characterize new genes controlling anthocyanin pigmentation in rye.
    • To investigate the inheritance patterns of newly discovered anthocyaninless mutations.
    • To analyze the genetic interactions and potential deviations in segregation using crosses with wild-type and mutant lines.

    Summary:

    • Six nonallelic genes governing anthocyanin production in rye were identified, with recessive mutations leading to a lack of pigment.

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  • Thirteen new anthocyaninless lines were found to carry mutations in the vi1 gene, while vi2/6 mutations were rare.
  • Inheritance of vi1/6 mutations followed monohybrid segregation, but vi2, vi4, and vi5 mutations exhibited anthocyaninless deficiency in specific crosses, suggesting complex genetic interactions.

    • Impact:

    • Provides a foundational understanding of the genetic architecture of anthocyanin biosynthesis in rye.
    • Identifies key genes (vi1) for future research in rye pigment development and breeding.
    • Highlights the potential for complex genetic phenomena, such as segregation distortion, in rye.