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Identification of protein receptors for coronaviruses by mass spectrometry

V Stalin Raj1, Mart M Lamers, Saskia L Smits

  • 1Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 2040, Rotterdam, CA, 3000, The Netherlands.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|February 28, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Identifying virus receptors is key to understanding viral tropism and developing antiviral therapies. This study used immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry to identify the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus receptor.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites requiring host cell entry for replication.
  • Virus-receptor interactions dictate viral tropism, host range, and pathogenesis.
  • Targeting these interactions offers a promising antiviral strategy before viral genome delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize the host cell receptor for the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV).
  • To demonstrate a novel methodology for viral receptor identification applicable to other viruses.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an immunoprecipitation approach employing Fc-tagged viral spike proteins.
  • Coupled immunoprecipitation with mass spectrometry for protein identification.
  • Applied this technique to MERS-CoV for receptor discovery.

Main Results:

  • Successfully identified and characterized the MERS-CoV receptor using the described method.
  • The methodology proved effective for identifying specific viral-host interactions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry technique is a powerful tool for identifying viral receptors.
  • This approach can be adapted to discover receptors for various viruses, aiding in antiviral development.

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