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Oxidative Stress Is a Central Target for Physical Exercise Neuroprotection Against Pathological Brain Aging.

Yoelvis García-Mesa1, Sandra Colie2, Rubén Corpas3

  • 1Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona - CSIC, Spain. Present address: Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.

The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
|February 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Physical exercise can delay aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD) by reducing oxidative stress and improving cognitive function. This study shows exercise benefits even in advanced AD-like pathology in mice.

Keywords:
3xTg-AD miceAlzheimer’s diseaseAmyloid βPhospho-tau.Behavior testsCognitionOxidative stressPhysical exercise

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Physical exercise is recognized for its potential in preventing or delaying senescence and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • Oxidative stress is implicated in normal brain aging and the progression to pathological aging and AD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the therapeutic effects of physical exercise on advanced Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathology in a mouse model.
  • To explore the role of redox homeostasis and oxidative stress in the neuroprotective mechanisms of exercise.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 3xTg-AD female mice aged 12-15 months, subjected to voluntary wheel running.
  • Assessed body fitness, immunorejuvenation, behavioral and cognitive improvements.
  • Analyzed brain tissue for oxidative damage, amyloid and tau pathology, and redox homeostasis markers.
  • Employed network analyses to correlate oxidative stress with AD pathology and behaviors.

Main Results:

  • Exercise improved body fitness, immunorejuvenation, behavior, and cognition in AD mice.
  • Reduced amyloid and tau pathology were observed in exercised mice.
  • Physical exercise decreased oxidative damage by regulating redox homeostasis.
  • Oxidative stress was identified as a central event linked to AD pathology and associated behaviors (anxiety, apathy, cognitive loss).

Conclusions:

  • Physical exercise demonstrates significant therapeutic value in advanced AD-like pathology.
  • Redox mechanisms are crucial for the neuroprotective effects of exercise against AD.
  • Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the transition from normal brain aging to AD.