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Author Spotlight: Studying the Impact of Maternal Dietary Deficiencies on Long-Term Offspring Health Outcomes
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The association between maternal parity and birth defects.

Melanie L McNeese1, Beatrice Josephine Selwyn, Hao Duong

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas.

Birth Defects Research. Part A, Clinical and Molecular Teratology
|February 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary

First birth increases the risk of 24 birth defects compared to second births. This study confirms previous findings and identifies new associations for maternal parity and infant health.

Keywords:
birth defectscongenital abnormalitiesmultiparitynulliparityparity

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Pediatric Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Previous research suggested a link between first birth and certain birth defects, but findings lacked robust statistical validation.
  • The current study addresses this by utilizing a large-scale database to re-evaluate maternal parity and birth defect associations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between maternal parity (first, third, and fourth or higher birth) and the risk of 65 distinct birth defects.
  • To identify specific birth defects that may be more prevalent in first births compared to second births.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from the Texas Birth Defects Registry (1999-2009).
  • Comparative risk assessment of birth defects in first, third, and fourth+ births versus second births.

Main Results:

  • Significantly increased odds of 24 out of 65 birth defects were observed in first births compared to second births.
  • Five previously unreported birth defect associations with first births were identified: small penis, preaxial polydactyly, thoracic vertebrae anomalies, lumbar vertebrae anomalies, and sacrococcygeal anomalies.
  • Third or fourth/higher births showed significantly increased odds for five specific birth defects compared to second births.

Conclusions:

  • Findings for first births align with previous studies, reinforcing the association between parity and specific birth defects.
  • Further research is recommended to explore the underlying biological, behavioral, and environmental factors contributing to these risks in first births.