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Updated: Apr 16, 2026
A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
Published on: March 6, 2018
Targeting the androgen receptor in prostate and breast cancer: several new agents in development
Tracy Proverbs-Singh1, Jarett L Feldman1, Michael J Morris2
1Breast Medicine ServiceDepartment of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 300 East 66th Street, New York, New York 10065, USAGenitourinary Oncology ServiceDepartment of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USAWeill Cornell Medical College1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA.
Abstract:
Prostate cancer (PCa) and breast cancer (BCa) share similarities as hormone-sensitive cancers with a wide heterogeneity of both phenotype and biology. The androgen receptor (AR) is a hormone receptor involved in both benign and malignant processes. Targeting androgen synthesis and the AR pathway has been and remains central to PCa therapy. Recently, there has been increased interest in the role of the AR in BCa development and growth, with results indicating AR co-expression with estrogen, progesterone, and human epidermal growth factor receptors, across all intrinsic subtypes of BCa. Targeting the AR axis is an evolving field with novel therapies in development which may ultimately be applicable to both tumor types. In this review, we offer an overview of available agents which target the AR axis in both PCa and BCa and provide insights into the novel drugs in development for targeting this signaling pathway.
Insights
Androgen receptor (AR) signaling is key in prostate cancer (PCa) and increasingly recognized in breast cancer (BCa). This review covers current and novel AR-targeting therapies for both hormone-sensitive cancers.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Endocrinology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Prostate cancer (PCa) and breast cancer (BCa) are hormone-sensitive malignancies with complex biology.
- The androgen receptor (AR) pathway is crucial in PCa and shows emerging relevance in BCa.
- AR is co-expressed with other key receptors (ER, PR, HER2) across BCa subtypes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current and emerging therapies targeting the androgen receptor (AR) axis.
- To explore the role of AR in both prostate cancer and breast cancer.
- To provide insights into novel drug development for AR-targeted treatments.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing and investigational therapies.
- Analysis of AR pathway involvement in PCa and BCa.
- Synthesis of data on AR co-expression in breast cancer subtypes.
Main Results:
- Androgen synthesis and AR pathway inhibition are established PCa treatments.
- AR plays a role in BCa development and growth, irrespective of subtype.
- Novel AR-targeting agents are under development for potential dual application.
Conclusions:
- The AR axis represents a promising therapeutic target for both PCa and BCa.
- Targeting AR offers a potential strategy to overcome treatment resistance in hormone-sensitive cancers.
- Further research into novel AR-targeted therapies could benefit patients with both cancer types.
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