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Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

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Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...

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Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Carcinogen-induced Murine Bladder Tumors

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Carcinogen-induced Murine Bladder Tumors

Published on: March 29, 2019

Preoperative imaging for staging bladder cancer.

Maxim J McKibben¹, Michael E Woods

¹Department of Urology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 170 Manning Drive, 2115 Physicians Office Building, CB#7235, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7235, USA.

Current Urology Reports

|March 1, 2015

Summary

Accurate bladder cancer staging is crucial for treatment. Newer imaging like MRI and PET-CT may improve staging accuracy over traditional methods, reducing understaging and improving patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

Uro-oncology
Medical imaging
Diagnostic accuracy

Background:

Accurate preoperative staging of bladder cancer is critical for treatment selection and prognosis.
Current standard, transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) followed by computed tomography (CT), often understages disease.
Understaging leads to pathologic upstaging after radical cystectomy, potentially causing adverse outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the accuracy of newer imaging modalities for bladder cancer staging.
To compare the effectiveness of advanced imaging techniques against the current gold standard.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on bladder cancer staging.
Analysis of multiparametric magnetic resonance (MR) imaging performance.
Evaluation of positron emission tomography (PET) combined with CT or MR imaging.

Main Results:

Transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and CT imaging show high specificity but frequently understage local and distant disease.
Multiparametric MR imaging demonstrates potential for improved local staging accuracy.
PET-CT and PET-MR imaging show promise for more accurate staging of both local and metastatic bladder cancer.

Conclusions:

Advanced imaging techniques like multiparametric MR and PET-based modalities offer improved accuracy for bladder cancer staging.
These newer methods may help mitigate understaging issues associated with current standard diagnostic protocols.
Enhanced staging accuracy can lead to more appropriate treatment decisions and potentially better patient outcomes in bladder cancer management.