Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II - a case report

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Immunology
• Pediatrics

Background:

• Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome (APS) type II is an endocrine disorder characterized by Addison's disease, autoimmune thyroid disease, and/or type I diabetes mellitus.
• While more common in middle-aged females, APS type II is considered rare in pediatric populations.

Observation:

• A 14-year-old female presented with a rare pediatric manifestation of APS type II.
• The patient exhibited concurrent diagnoses of Addison's disease, autoimmune hypothyroidism, and primary hypogonadism.

Findings:

• This case underscores the importance of considering APS type II in pediatric patients, irrespective of typical demographic profiles.
• The co-occurrence of multiple autoimmune conditions in a young patient warrants thorough investigation for APS type II.

Implications:

• Early diagnosis and management of APS type II in children can prevent severe complications associated with hormone deficiencies.
• This case expands the understanding of APS type II presentation, emphasizing its occurrence across a wider age spectrum.
• Healthcare providers should maintain a high index of suspicion for APS type II in children presenting with Addison's disease or other autoimmune endocrine disorders.