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Aging of the auditory system.

Thomas Nicolas Roth1

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|March 2, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Presbycusis, or age-related hearing loss (ARHL), impacts most older adults, affecting speech understanding and social life. This condition stems from aging processes, oxidative stress, and cochlear changes, requiring differentiated clinical assessment and treatment.

Keywords:
ARHLage-related hearing lossagingauditory systembraincochleahearing rehabilitationneuropathypresbycusistone and speech audiogram

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Gerontology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Presbycusis (age-related hearing loss, ARHL) is a prevalent condition in the elderly.
  • It leads to diminished hearing thresholds and impaired speech comprehension, negatively impacting social interaction and quality of life.
  • ARHL is linked to age-related histological changes in the cochlea.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the understanding of age-related hearing loss (ARHL).
  • To outline the underlying mechanisms and clinical assessment of ARHL.
  • To discuss current treatment approaches for ARHL.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on presbycusis and cochlear aging.
  • Analysis of histological changes associated with aging.
  • Examination of clinical assessment and treatment strategies for ARHL.

Main Results:

  • Aging involves multifactorial processes, including genetic factors and oxidative stress.
  • Oxidative stress contributes to reduced endocochlear potential and cellular loss in the cochlea.
  • Clinical assessment requires differentiating peripheral and central auditory components.

Conclusions:

  • ARHL is a complex condition driven by aging and exacerbated by oxidative stress.
  • Effective management necessitates distinguishing between peripheral and central hearing impairments.
  • Hearing aids are common for peripheral loss, while auditory and psychological training aid central disturbances.