Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hearing01:31

Hearing

59.1K
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
59.1K
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

1.3K
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
1.3K
Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

1.5K
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
1.5K
Heart Sounds01:15

Heart Sounds

4.4K
Heart sounds are generated by the turbulence in blood flow due to the closing of heart valves. These sounds are best perceived slightly away from the valves, where the blood flow disseminates the sound.
Auscultation is the process of listening to these internal body sounds using a stethoscope. The heart produces four types of sounds, but only two—S1 and S2—can usually be heard with a stethoscope.
S1, also known as the "lub" sound, is caused by the closure of atrioventricular (A-V)...
4.4K
Perception of Sound Waves01:01

Perception of Sound Waves

6.1K
The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
6.1K
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

52.7K
The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
52.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Scan for Success? Number Needed to Scan and Management Changes in Preoperative Otosclerosis: Quantitative Analysis.

Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery·2026
Same author

Aortic Stenosis Progression: Lessons from Multimodality Imaging.

Mayo Clinic proceedings·2026
Same author

Improvement in left atrial strain after percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty is an independent prognostic marker in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis.

Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine·2026
Same author

Recommendations for the Identification and Mitigation of Cardiac Ultrasound Artifacts: A Guideline from the American Society of Echocardiography.

Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography·2026
Same author

Effect of the Buccal Gap Width on Alveolar Process Reduction Following Immediate Implant Placement: A Retrospective CBCT Study.

Clinical oral implants research·2026
Same author

Left Atrial Plication for Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Bending With Atrial Functional Mitral Regurgitation.

JACC. Case reports·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training
07:05

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

Published on: August 24, 2017

11.6K

Tinnitus.

Robert A Levine1, Yahav Oron2

  • 1Department of Ear, Nose and Throat and Head and Neck Surgery, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|March 2, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tinnitus, often perceived as ringing in the ears, can stem from auditory or somatosensory system issues. Understanding its characteristics and performing specific examinations helps determine the cause, potentially linked to the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) hypothesis.

Keywords:
diagnosishearing losshyperacusismechanismpulsatilesomatosensorytreatmentvascular compression

More Related Videos

A Low Cost Setup for Behavioral Audiometry in Rodents
09:23

A Low Cost Setup for Behavioral Audiometry in Rodents

Published on: October 16, 2012

13.3K
Making Sense of Listening: The IMAP Test Battery
11:25

Making Sense of Listening: The IMAP Test Battery

Published on: October 11, 2010

16.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 16, 2026

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training
07:05

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

Published on: August 24, 2017

11.6K
A Low Cost Setup for Behavioral Audiometry in Rodents
09:23

A Low Cost Setup for Behavioral Audiometry in Rodents

Published on: October 16, 2012

13.3K
Making Sense of Listening: The IMAP Test Battery
11:25

Making Sense of Listening: The IMAP Test Battery

Published on: October 11, 2010

16.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Otolaryngology
  • Audiology

Background:

  • Tinnitus is the perception of sound without an external source.
  • It commonly arises from the auditory system, somatosensory system (head and neck), or a combination.
  • Identifying the cause is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline a diagnostic approach for tinnitus based on its characteristics.
  • To explore the role of the somatosensory system in tinnitus.
  • To present the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) hypothesis as a leading theory.

Main Methods:

  • Detailed patient history focusing on tinnitus quality, location, variability, pitch, and modulation.
  • Comprehensive neuro-otologic examination including dental inspection, auscultation, and craniocervical palpation.
  • Somatic testing to assess tinnitus modulation and standard audiogram.

Main Results:

  • Tinnitus characteristics provide clues to its origin.
  • Somatic testing can reveal modulation of the tinnitus percept.
  • The dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) hypothesis integrates auditory and somatosensory interactions.

Conclusions:

  • A thorough history and specialized examination are key to diagnosing tinnitus.
  • The DCN hypothesis offers a framework for understanding tinnitus as a result of somatosensory-auditory interactions within the brainstem.
  • Further research into the DCN's role may lead to novel therapeutic strategies.