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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Public Health
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Emergency departments (EDs) are increasingly utilized for low-acuity health complaints.
  • Understanding patient motivations for ED use is crucial for resource allocation and healthcare system optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate patient reasons for seeking emergency department (ED) care for low-acuity health issues.
  • To compare the motivations of frequent ED users with those of non-frequent ED users.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cross-sectional survey was conducted with patients presenting to an urban public hospital ED for low-acuity complaints.
  • Patients with three or more ED visits in the past year were classified as frequent users.
  • Multivariable logistic regression analyzed differences in reasons for ED use between frequent and non-frequent users.

Main Results:

  • Convenience (82.3%), urgency (78.8%), difficulty making clinic appointments (66.7%), perceived better ED care (56.7%), and lower perceived clinic cost (54.8%) were common reasons for ED visits.
  • No significant differences in reasons for ED use were found between frequent and non-frequent ED users after controlling for patient characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • Patient reasons for utilizing the ED for low-acuity conditions are consistent across frequent and non-frequent users.
  • Factors such as access, convenience, cost, quality perceptions, and perceived need for immediate care drive ED utilization for non-urgent issues.