Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

1.3K
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
1.3K
Implicit Memories01:24

Implicit Memories

618
Implicit memories, also known as non-declarative memories, are long-term memories that function outside of conscious awareness. These memories influence behavior and skills without explicit knowledge. This type of memory is evident in tasks like playing tennis, snowboarding, and texting. Implicit memory has three subsystems: procedural memory, conditioning, and priming. This type of memory is essential in various activities, from everyday tasks to specialized skills.
One key aspect of implicit...
618
High-Level and Low-Level Awareness01:19

High-Level and Low-Level Awareness

944
Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
944
Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory01:22

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

770
Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of...
770
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

1.6K
The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...
1.6K
Long-Term Memory01:18

Long-Term Memory

916
Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
916

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Concurrent affective and linguistic prosody with the same emotional valence elicits a late positive ERP response.

The European journal of neuroscience·2019
Same author

fMRI Evidence of Magnitude Manipulation during Numerical Order Processing in Congenitally Deaf Signers.

Neural plasticity·2019
Same author

Cognitive spare capacity and speech communication: a narrative overview.

BioMed research international·2014
Same journal

The costs and benefits of mind-wandering: 13 Years on.

Canadian journal of experimental psychology = Revue canadienne de psychologie experimentale·2026
Same journal

Can computational sentiment analysis classify autobiographical memories? Comparing VADER and TextBlob.

Canadian journal of experimental psychology = Revue canadienne de psychologie experimentale·2026
Same journal

Development of enumeration processes for kindergarten children: Evidence from eye-tracking data.

Canadian journal of experimental psychology = Revue canadienne de psychologie experimentale·2026
Same journal

Differential sensitivity to outcome valence reveals two classes of shift behaviour related to exploitation and exploration.

Canadian journal of experimental psychology = Revue canadienne de psychologie experimentale·2026
Same journal

Effects of valence and list composition on memory predictions, performance, and beliefs.

Canadian journal of experimental psychology = Revue canadienne de psychologie experimentale·2026
Same journal

Differential response to cognitive stimulation in moderate versus moderately severe Alzheimer's disease.

Canadian journal of experimental psychology = Revue canadienne de psychologie experimentale·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze
14:24

An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze

Published on: July 29, 2025

1.9K

Working memory for meaningless manual gestures.

Mary Rudner1

  • 1Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning.

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology = Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale
|March 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Working memory performance is affected by item similarity, but this link is not obligatory. This study shows similarity effects in gesture working memory depend on cognitive load, not prior categorization.

More Related Videos

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Published on: September 20, 2020

5.4K
Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
09:05

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)

Published on: June 12, 2017

31.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 16, 2026

An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze
14:24

An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze

Published on: July 29, 2025

1.9K
Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Published on: September 20, 2020

5.4K
Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
09:05

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)

Published on: June 12, 2017

31.2K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Memory

Background:

  • Working memory performance is often linked to item similarity and prior categorization in long-term memory.
  • However, research on gesture processing suggests this link might not be obligatory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if working memory for meaningless manual gestures is influenced by formational similarity.
  • To determine if this similarity effect is modulated by working memory load.

Main Methods:

  • Participants incidentally processed meaningless manual gestures.
  • Working memory performance was assessed under varying levels of formational similarity and working memory load.

Main Results:

  • Formational similarity negatively impacted working memory performance.
  • This similarity effect was observed only under low working memory load conditions.
  • No effect was found under high working memory load.

Conclusions:

  • Working memory similarity effects are not solely dependent on prior categorization.
  • Cognitive load flexibly modulates the impact of similarity on working memory.
  • Performance is determined by the quality, not quantity, of working memory representations, supporting flexible resource allocation models.