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Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

9.1K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
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The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

6.2K
The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by...
6.2K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Substernal Thyroid Biopsy Using Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration
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Dysfunctional ectopic thyroid gland: a case report.

Edita Stokić, Vladimir Kljajić, Stevan Idjuški

    Srpski Arhiv Za Celokupno Lekarstvo
    |March 4, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    A rare lingual thyroid gland anomaly was incidentally discovered in a 23-year-old female. Treatment with levothyroxine successfully managed primary hypothyroidism and reduced gland size.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Developmental Biology
    • Medical Imaging

    Background:

    • Lingual thyroid gland is a rare developmental anomaly, more prevalent in females.
    • Often asymptomatic in adults, but can cause dysphagia, dysphonia, or dyspnea if symptomatic, leading to childhood diagnosis.

    Observation:

    • A 23-year-old female incidentally diagnosed with lingual thyroid during workup for another condition.
    • 131I scintigraphy confirmed ectopic thyroid tissue at the tongue base, with absent orthotopic gland.
    • Functional tests revealed primary hypothyroidism.

    Findings:

    • Substitution therapy with levothyroxine normalized thyroid function (euthyroid state).
    • Levothyroxine treatment also led to a reduction in the size of the ectopic lingual thyroid gland.

    Implications:

    • This case highlights the incidental diagnosis of lingual thyroid in adults.
    • Treatment decisions for lingual thyroid require consideration of patient condition, age, gland size, and symptoms.
    • Further research is needed to establish clear treatment guidelines for this rare anomaly.