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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Cardiology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is a significant concern in critically ill patients, influenced by afterload, contractility, and preload.
  • The increasing adoption of point-of-care ultrasonography and decreasing use of pulmonary artery catheters highlight the need for alternative hemodynamic monitoring tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology of RV failure in critically ill patients.
  • To detail echocardiographic parameters for RV evaluation.
  • To discuss the impact of mechanical ventilation, fluid therapy, and vasoactive infusions on RV function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on right ventricular failure in critical care.
  • Analysis of echocardiographic techniques for RV assessment.
  • Synthesis of evidence regarding therapeutic interventions and their effects on the RV.

Main Results:

  • Right ventricular failure presents diverse etiologies and significant implications in critical illness.
  • Echocardiography provides comprehensive RV assessment, including function, strain, and pressure estimation.
  • Mechanical ventilation, fluid management, and vasoactive agents profoundly impact RV hemodynamics.

Conclusions:

  • Echocardiography is an essential tool for diagnosing and managing RV dysfunction in critically ill patients.
  • Echocardiography-guided therapy optimizes hemodynamic and respiratory support, improving patient outcomes.
  • Recommendations are provided for integrating echocardiography into the management of RV dysfunction.