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Recovery from TBT pollution in English Channel environments: A problem solved?

W J Langston1, N D Pope1, M Davey1

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This summary is machine-generated.

Tributyltin (TBT) pollution, restricted since the 1980s, shows varying environmental persistence and impacts on marine life like clams. Recovery of affected populations indicates legislative success, though shipping activity prolongs TBT

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Marine Biology
  • Ecotoxicology

Background:

  • Tributyltin (TBT) is a persistent organic pollutant historically used in antifouling paints.
  • Restrictions on TBT use have been implemented globally since the 1980s.
  • Monitoring TBT effects is crucial for assessing marine ecosystem recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the long-term persistence and impact of TBT in clams (Scrobicularia plana) and sediment.
  • To assess the recovery of clam populations as a biological indicator of legislative effectiveness.
  • To examine the impact of vessel activity on TBT contamination and biota recovery.

Main Methods:

  • Monitoring TBT levels in water, sediment, and clams (Scrobicularia plana) over time.
  • Assessing clam population recovery in affected estuarine and coastal sites.
  • Analyzing sediment half-times for TBT degradation.
  • Observing imposex recovery in dog whelks (Nucella lapillus) on rocky shores.

Main Results:

  • TBT contamination and persistence in sediment and clams correlate with vessel activity, with longer half-lives near commercial shipping.
  • Sediment TBT half-times varied significantly (up to 8 years in Poole Harbour, 33 years in Southampton Water).
  • Clam population recovery was slowest in highly contaminated sediments.
  • Imposex recovery in Nucella lapillus is evident but prolonged near ports due to shipping impacts and sediment legacy.

Conclusions:

  • TBT contamination and its ecological impact have decreased following legislative restrictions, but recovery rates vary.
  • Vessel activity remains a key factor influencing TBT persistence and recovery in marine environments.
  • Clam population dynamics serve as a valuable biological indicator for evaluating the efficacy of TBT regulations.