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Related Concept Videos

Anchoring Junctions01:03

Anchoring Junctions

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Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...
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Cell Adhesion in Plants01:14

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Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose,...
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Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

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Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
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Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

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Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells01:12

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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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Adherens Junctions01:24

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Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types –  adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as  epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as  heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
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Cultivating a Three-dimensional Reconstructed Human Epidermis at a Large Scale
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Cell adhesion in epidermal development and barrier formation.

Kaelyn D Sumigray1, Terry Lechler1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

Current Topics in Developmental Biology
|March 4, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cell-cell adhesions are crucial for skin structure and function. New research explores how these junctions, and their proteins, regulate skin development, mechanosensation, and inflammation.

Keywords:
Adherens junctionAdhesionBarrierCytoskeletonDesmosomeEpidermisSkinTight junction

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cell-cell adhesions are vital for epidermal integrity and barrier function.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms of these adhesions is key to epidermal development and homeostasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current genetic and cell biology insights into the roles of cell-cell junctions and their proteins in epidermal regulation.
  • To explore emerging concepts in junctional mechanosensation, noncanonical functions, and system crosstalk.

Main Methods:

  • Review of genetic studies.
  • Analysis of cell biological data.
  • Integration of emerging research on mechanotransduction and protein interactions.

Main Results:

  • Individual cell-cell junctions and their proteins play critical roles in epidermal development and function.
  • Adhesion proteins are involved in mechanosensation, noncanonical signaling, and crosstalk between junctional systems.
  • Cell adhesion proteins influence tissue physiology, including growth control, differentiation, and inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Cell-cell adhesion systems are complex and interconnected, impacting multiple facets of epidermal physiology.
  • Further research into these systems promises deeper understanding of skin health and disease.