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Validated patient-reported outcome instruments for velopharyngeal insufficiency.

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Quality-of-life (QOL) instruments like the VELO survey are crucial for assessing velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI). The VELO survey demonstrates greater responsiveness to treatment changes compared to the PVOS survey.

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Area of Science:

  • Speech-Language Pathology
  • Patient-Reported Outcomes
  • Health Outcomes Research

Background:

  • Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) significantly impacts speech, swallowing, and psychosocial well-being.
  • Quality-of-life (QOL) instruments are essential for quantifying patient experiences and treatment efficacy in VPI.
  • Two primary QOL instruments used for VPI are the Pediatric Voice Outcomes Survey (PVOS) and the VPI Effects on Life Outcomes (VELO) survey.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare the psychometric properties and clinical utility of the PVOS and VELO surveys for assessing QOL in patients with VPI.
  • To determine which instrument is more sensitive to changes in QOL following treatment for VPI.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on the PVOS and VELO surveys, including their development, validation, reliability, and responsiveness.
  • Comparison of effect sizes reported for both instruments in detecting changes in QOL.
  • Analysis of the subscales and content validity of each instrument for the VPI population.

Main Results:

  • The PVOS was adapted from an adult voice instrument, tested for reliability, and validated.
  • The VELO survey was specifically developed for VPI, demonstrating reliability and responsiveness to QOL changes.
  • The VELO survey exhibited a larger effect size (1.1) compared to the PVOS (0.6), suggesting greater sensitivity to treatment-induced QOL changes.

Conclusions:

  • Both PVOS and VELO are valuable tools for assessing VPI patients.
  • The VELO survey, with its VPI-specific content and larger effect size, may be more effective in detecting treatment-related QOL improvements.
  • These instruments aid in patient assessment, clinical discussions, and research data collection for VPI.