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Related Concept Videos

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Nails01:05

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Nails

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Nails are one of the important accessory structures of the skin. They are hard, protective structures that cover the dorsal surface of the distal phalanges of fingers and toes. Nails are composed of specialized keratinized cells and serve various functions, including protection, sensation, and manual dexterity.
The main components of a nail include the following.
Nail Plate: The nail plate is the visible portion of the nail that extends beyond the fingertips or toes. It is a hard, translucent...
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Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings I: Inspection and Palpation01:29

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In a cardiovascular examination, inspection and palpation are crucial for identifying abnormalities.
Abnormal findings observed during an inspection
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Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

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Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
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Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

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The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
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Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

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The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
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Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

An Intramedullary Locking Nail for Standardized Fixation of Femur Osteotomies to Analyze Normal and Defective Bone Healing in Mice
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An Intramedullary Locking Nail for Standardized Fixation of Femur Osteotomies to Analyze Normal and Defective Bone Healing in Mice

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14-year-old boy with painful nail changes.

Shudeshna Nag1, Miriam Weinstein1, Saul Greenberg1

  • 1Pediatric Medicine Division, Sick Kids Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Pediatrics in Review
|March 4, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Doxycycline can cause rare photo-onycholysis, a nail condition triggered by sun exposure. Patients should be informed about this risk and advised on sun protection measures.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Doxycycline is a common antibiotic with known phototoxic potential.
  • Phototoxic reactions manifest as exaggerated sunburns upon UV light exposure.
  • Photo-onycholysis is an uncommon but recognized dermatologic side effect of doxycycline therapy.

Observation:

  • Photo-onycholysis, a rare form of drug-induced phototoxicity, presents with characteristic nail changes.
  • Observed nail changes include pain, subungual hemorrhages, and distal onycholysis.

Findings:

  • Doxycycline is a key implicated agent in drug-induced photo-onycholysis.
  • Nail changes associated with this condition typically resolve within 3 to 6 months after discontinuation.

Implications:

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  • Healthcare providers must counsel patients on the risk of phototoxicity with doxycycline.
  • Emphasizing sun protection measures is crucial for patients prescribed doxycycline to mitigate risks.