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Updated: Apr 16, 2026
Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration
Published on: November 16, 2018
Bone regenerative potential of modified biphasic graft materials
Rehan Khan1, Lukasz Witek, Matthew Breit
1*Research Associate, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of New York University, Brooklyn, NY. †Doctoral Candidate, School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK. ‡Researcher, Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY. §Researcher, Department of Biomedical Engineering, City College of New York, New York, NY. ‖Adjunct Professor, Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY. ¶Senior Scientist, Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, New York University, New York, NY. #Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmo University, Malmö, Sweden. **Associate Professor, Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY.
Incorporating poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) at 35% in biphasic bone graft materials maintained graft volume and reduced soft tissue ingrowth, showing potential clinical benefits for bone regeneration.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Orthopedic Surgery
Background:
- Synthetic bone graft materials are crucial for bone defect repair.
- Optimizing material composition, including polymers and collagen, can enhance bone regeneration.
- Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a biodegradable polymer often used in bone grafts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the bone regenerative effects of incorporating polymers and collagen into synthetic bone graft materials.
- To compare the bone ingrowth and material stability of different biphasic hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) and PLGA compositions.
Main Methods:
- Biphasic HA/TCP graft materials with varying PLGA percentages (0%, 15%, 35%) and collagen were synthesized and characterized.
- A rabbit calvaria defect model was used to assess bone ingrowth over 4 and 8 weeks.
- Histomorphometrical analysis was performed on retrieved samples.
Main Results:
- No significant differences in bone formation were observed between groups at 4 and 8 weeks.
- The HA/TCP/PLGA (65%/35%) with collagen group showed minimal soft tissue incorporation.
- This group also maintained its volume over 8 weeks, unlike other groups that decreased.
Conclusions:
- A 35% PLGA content in biphasic graft materials appears to stabilize graft volume.
- This composition effectively prevented soft tissue migration into the defect site.
- These findings suggest potential clinical advantages for this specific bone graft formulation.
