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Acute kidney injury after valvular heart surgery and early changes in cardiac function and structure

Daniel P Olsson1, Christopher Eck Arvstrand2, Ulrik Sartipy3

  • 1Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Cardiorenal Medicine
|March 5, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Acute kidney injury (AKI) after valvular heart surgery did not show early changes in cardiac function or structure. Echocardiography revealed no significant differences in left ventricular ejection fraction or diameter between patients with and without AKI.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Cardiac Surgery

Background:

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) post-heart surgery is linked to long-term heart failure risk.
  • The association between AKI and early cardiac changes after valvular heart surgery remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if AKI following valvular heart surgery is associated with early alterations in cardiac function and structure.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study compared 201 patients with AKI to 201 matched patients without AKI post-valvular heart surgery.
  • AKI was defined by specific postoperative serum creatinine increases.
  • Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) were assessed via echocardiography.

Main Results:

  • No significant postoperative changes in mean LVEF were observed between AKI and non-AKI groups (-3.6% vs. -4.3%).
  • Similarly, no significant differences in mean LVEDD were found (-4.7 mm vs. -3.9 mm).
  • These findings were consistent across patients with and without AKI.

Conclusions:

  • AKI after valvular heart surgery did not demonstrate acute changes in cardiac function or structure.
  • Echocardiographic assessment showed no significant early cardiac remodeling or dysfunction related to AKI.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute kidney injuryCardiorenal syndromeEchocardiographyValvular heart surgery

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