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Tonsillitis I: Introduction

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Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, which are two lymphoid tissue masses at the back of the throat. This condition can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat.
Etiology
Three primary contributing factors have been identified.

Tonsillitis II: Management

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This lesson will focus on the different treatment options for managing tonsillitis, which typically depend on the cause and severity.

Acute Pharyngitis

Acute Pharyngitis

Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
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Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Implementation of a Permeable Membrane Insert-based Infection System to Study the Effects of Secreted Bacterial Toxins on Mammalian Host Cells

Implementation of a Permeable Membrane Insert-based Infection System to Study the Effects of Secreted Bacterial Toxins on Mammalian Host Cells

Published on: August 19, 2016

Necrotizing tonsillitis caused by group C beta-hemolytic streptococci.

Jassem M Bastaki¹

¹Department of Histopathology, Sabah Hospital, Jamal Abdulnassir St., Surgical Bldg., Kuwait. Dr.Bastaki@gmail.com.

Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal

|March 5, 2015

Summary

Necrotizing tonsillitis, typically caused by specific bacteria or spirochetes, is rarely seen. This report details the first known instance of necrotizing tonsillitis caused by group C beta-hemolytic streptococci.

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Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Infectious Diseases
Microbiology

Background:

Tonsillitis and pharyngitis are common head and neck infections.
Viral causes include enterovirus, influenza, and Epstein-Barr virus.
Bacterial tonsillitis is often caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci.

Observation:

Pseudomembranous and necrotizing tonsillitis are typically linked to fusiform bacilli and spirochetes.
This study presents an unusual case of necrotizing tonsillitis.
The causative agent identified was group C beta-hemolytic streptococci.

Findings:

This is the first reported case of necrotizing tonsillitis caused by group C beta-hemolytic streptococci.
The findings expand the known microbial spectrum for this severe tonsillitis form.

Implications:

Highlights the importance of considering a broader range of pathogens in severe tonsillitis.
May influence diagnostic approaches and treatment strategies for necrotizing tonsillitis.
Contributes to understanding the diverse etiology of head and neck infections.