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Postpubertal cryptorchism. Morphofunctional study with special reference to Leydig's cells.

J J Sirvent1, R Bernat, J Rodriguez Tolra

  • 1Pathology Department, Tortosa Hospital, Verge de la Cinta, Tarragona, Spain.

European Urology
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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Cryptorchidism, or undescended testes, impacts both affected and unaffected testes, showing Leydig cell changes and compensated dysfunction. This affects testosterone production despite normal blood levels.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Andrology
  • Histopathology

Background:

  • Cryptorchidism is associated with testicular dysgenesis and potential infertility.
  • Leydig cells are crucial for testosterone production, and their function can be altered in undescended testes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the morphological and functional characteristics of Leydig cells in cryptorchid testes and contralateral scrotal testes.
  • To evaluate the relationship between Leydig cell status, hormone levels, and testicular morphology in patients with cryptorchidism.

Main Methods:

  • Histopathological examination of testicular biopsies from 17 postpubertal patients with cryptorchidism.
  • Immunohistochemical staining (peroxidase-antiperoxidase) to identify testosterone-positive Leydig cells.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessment of tubular diameter and Leydig cell morphology, including vacuolization and atrophy.
  • Correlation with peripheral blood levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).

    • Main Results:

    • Significant decrease in tubular diameter in both cryptorchid and contralateral testes.
    • Leydig cell hyperplasia with vacuolization/atrophy observed in both testicular groups.
    • Reduced number of testosterone-positive Leydig cells in cryptorchid testes compared to controls.
    • Contralateral testes showed similar numbers of testosterone-positive Leydig cells as controls.
    • Normal serum testosterone levels with elevated LH and FSH levels, suggesting compensated Leydig cell dysfunction.

    Conclusions:

    • Patients with cryptorchidism exhibit testicular changes in both affected and contralateral testes.
    • Compensated Leydig cell dysfunction is likely present, indicated by hormonal profiles despite morphological similarities.
    • Morphological assessment of Leydig cell organelles did not fully reflect the functional status of testosterone production.