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Quantitatively probing propensity for structural transitions in engineered virus nanoparticles by single-molecule

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Area of Science:

  • Nanoscale physics
  • Virology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Viruses are studied as nanoscale biological machines with technological potential.
  • In minute virus of mice (MVM), DNA segments stiffen the capsid, acting as molecular buttresses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the link between DNA-mediated stiffening and heat-induced inactivation in MVM particles.
  • To explore how mechanical properties influence viral structural changes and survival.

Main Methods:

  • Engineering modified MVM particles with altered capsid-DNA interactions.
  • Characterization using kinetics assays and atomic force microscopy (AFM) for single-molecule mechanical analysis.

Main Results:

  • A quantitative correlation was found between increased local stiffness and decreased inactivation rate.
  • Transition state theory indicates a linear increase in the free energy barrier with local mechanical stiffness.

Conclusions:

  • MVM's DNA packaging provides a survival advantage against thermal stress by increasing particle rigidity.
  • Mechanical stiffness can be a target for engineering virus-based nanoassemblies and tuning their dynamics.