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Updated: Apr 16, 2026

The Preparation of Electrohydrodynamic Bridges from Polar Dielectric Liquids
Published on: September 30, 2014
GROMOS polarizable charge-on-spring models for liquid urea: COS/U and COS/U2
Zhixiong Lin1, Stephan J Bachmann1, Wilfred F van Gunsteren1
1Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
Abstract:
Two one-site polarizable urea models, COS/U and COS/U2, based on the charge-on-spring model are proposed. The models are parametrized against thermodynamic properties of urea-water mixtures in combination with the polarizable COS/G2 and COS/D2 models for liquid water, respectively, and have the same functional form of the inter-atomic interaction function and are based on the same parameter calibration procedure and type of experimental data as used to develop the GROMOS biomolecular force field. Thermodynamic, dielectric, and dynamic properties of urea-water mixtures simulated using the polarizable models are closer to experimental data than using the non-polarizable models. The COS/U and COS/U2 models may be used in biomolecular simulations of protein denaturation.
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