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Related Concept Videos

Characteristics of Dry Friction01:21

Characteristics of Dry Friction

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Dry friction occurs when two solid surfaces slide against each other without any lubrication or fluid present. It causes resistance when pushing objects along a surface, like a gardener pushing a wheelbarrow. The force applied to move the cart causes dry friction between the wheel and the ground.
Before the wheelbarrow starts moving, the static frictional force acts tangentially to the contact surface, opposing the force that is about to induce the motion. This frictional force prevents the...
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Types of Friction Problems01:27

Types of Friction Problems

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Friction is an essential concept in physics, engineering, and everyday life. It is the force that opposes the relative motion or tendency of such motion between two surfaces in contact. One of the most common types of friction encountered in various applications is dry friction. Dry friction problems can be broadly categorized into three types, each with unique characteristics and challenges.
The first type of dry friction problem involves situations where there is no apparent impending motion....
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Frictional Force01:07

Frictional Force

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When a body is in motion, it encounters resistance because the body interacts with its surroundings. This resistance is known as friction, a common yet complex force whose behavior is still not completely understood. Friction opposes relative motion between systems in contact, but also allows us to move. Friction arises in part due to the roughness of surfaces in contact. For one object to move along a surface, it must rise to where the peaks of the surface can skip along the bottom of the...
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Friction: Problem Solving01:21

Friction: Problem Solving

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Friction is an essential force that influences the motion of objects in daily life. Depending on the situation, it can be either beneficial or problematic. Consider a bus with a mass of three megagrams and its center of mass at a specific point, moving along a banked road at a constant speed. The coefficient of static friction between the tires and the road is 0.5. Find the maximum angle of the banked road at which the bus would not slip or tip.
Initially, a visual representation of the...
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Dry Friction01:30

Dry Friction

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Dry friction occurs between two solid surfaces in contact as they attempt to move relative to one another. In daily life, dry friction is encountered in various forms, such as when walking on the ground, sliding an object across a table, or rubbing hands together. Despite its ubiquity, the underlying mechanisms behind dry friction are not readily visible.
To illustrate this concept, imagine a wooden crate resting on a rough, non-uniform horizontal surface. When an external force is applied to...
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Rolling Resistance: Problem Solving01:17

Rolling Resistance: Problem Solving

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Rolling resistance, also known as rolling friction, is the force that resists the motion of a rolling object, such as a wheel, tire, or ball, when it moves over a surface. It is caused by the deformation of the object and the surface in contact with each other, as well as other factors like internal friction, hysteresis, and energy losses within the materials. Rolling resistance opposes the object's motion, requiring additional energy to overcome it and maintain movement. In practical...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes
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Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes

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Friction between ring polymer brushes.

Aykut Erbaş1, Jarosław Paturej

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. aerbas@northwestern.edu.

Soft Matter
|March 10, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Friction between sliding ring polymer brushes is half that of linear brushes. This friction reduction is due to ring polymer conformation and reduced monomer collisions, impacting non-equilibrium systems.

Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Polymer Science
  • Tribology

Background:

  • Polymer brushes are widely used in surface modification and nanotechnology.
  • Understanding friction at the nanoscale is crucial for designing advanced materials and devices.
  • Previous studies focused mainly on linear polymer brushes, leaving ring polymer brush friction less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and quantify the friction between sliding ring polymer brush bilayers.
  • To compare the frictional behavior of ring polymer brushes with that of linear polymer brushes.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms governing friction in ring polymer brush systems.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations.
  • Scaling arguments for theoretical analysis.

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  • Comparison of friction data between ring and linear polymer brush bilayers.

    • Main Results:

    • Ring polymer brushes exhibit approximately half the friction of linear polymer brushes across a wide velocity range.
    • Reduced inter-digitation and fewer monomer collisions contribute to lower friction in ring brushes.
    • At high velocities, ring polymers adopt a double-stranded conformation, further reducing monomer collisions and friction.

    Conclusions:

    • Ring polymer brush topology significantly reduces friction compared to linear brushes.
    • Conformation-dependent friction reduction in ring brushes has implications for non-equilibrium bulk systems.
    • Findings provide insights for designing low-friction surfaces and advanced polymer-based materials.