Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

2.3K
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
2.3K
Peripheral Nervous System: Ganglia and Nerves01:24

Peripheral Nervous System: Ganglia and Nerves

8.0K
The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is a crucial component of the body's neural network, extending beyond the central nervous system (CNS) to bridge the gap between the CNS and the external environment. It encompasses nerves, ganglia, and sensory receptors.
Nerves
The nerve is a bundle of axons that serves as the communication highway in the PNS. Each nerve is ensheathed in a protective layer of connective tissue called the epineurium. This outermost layer safeguards the nerve and supports the...
8.0K
Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

3.6K
Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which...
3.6K
Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

710
Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
710
Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests01:15

Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests

3.2K
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition affecting neuromuscular transmission, causing generalized weakness in skeletal muscles. Initial diagnoses rely on patients' signs, symptoms, and medical history. The challenge lies in distinguishing myasthenia from other muscular dystrophies. An important diagnostic feature is the significant improvement of symptoms after administering anticholinesterase inhibitors.
The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...
3.2K
Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

2.0K
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's...
2.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy: diagnosis, management and multisystem care.

Practical neurology·2026
Same author

The genetics of autosomal recessive ALS: a review of the common forms and their phenotypes.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis & frontotemporal degeneration·2026
Same author

Revisiting the link between oropharyngeal dysphagia and cancer in autoimmune myositis: a descriptive study.

Arthritis research & therapy·2025
Same author

Urine Sorbitol and Xylitol for the Diagnosis of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Deficiency-Related Neuropathy.

Neurology·2025
Same author

Delineating the pathogenic threshold and phenotypic spectrum of SCA27B: findings from a large French-Canadian cohort.

Journal of neurology·2025
Same author

Beyond the Heart: Exploring Extracardiac Manifestations in Cardiac Amyloidosis for Early Diagnosis.

Current cardiology reports·2025
Same journal

Reference intervals for venous blood gas measurement in a healthy Chinese population.

Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Multiplex methylation marker analysis for ctDNA detection in liquid biopsies from anal cancer patients: an HPV-independent approach.

Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Development and validation of patient-based exponentially weighted moving average quality control models for three antipsychotic drugs and their metabolites by LC-MS/MS.

Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Comparing conventional correction formulas and machine learning-based prediction of ionized calcium.

Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Micro- and nanoplastics as emerging clinical analytes: analytical validation, interpretive uncertainty, and laboratory actionability in human specimens.

Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Performance of Free Light Chain reagents in the Dutch External Quality Assessment programme over the past 14 years.

Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

A Simple Approach to Induce Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis in C57BL/6 Mice for Functional and Neuropathological Assessments
07:30

A Simple Approach to Induce Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis in C57BL/6 Mice for Functional and Neuropathological Assessments

Published on: November 9, 2017

10.2K

Autoimmune peripheral neuropathies.

Pierre R Bourque1, Jodi Warman Chardon2, Rami Massie3

  • 1Division of Neurology, The Ottawa Hospital, 1053 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada.

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|March 10, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Immune responses target peripheral nerves, leading to diverse neuropathies like Guillain-Barré syndrome. Specific autoantibodies are key biomarkers for diagnosing and treating these complex immune-mediated nerve disorders.

Keywords:
Antiganglioside antibodiesGuillain-Barré syndromeMultifocal motor neuropathyMyelinNeuropathy

More Related Videos

Nerve Ultrasound Protocol to Detect Dysimmune Neuropathies
08:56

Nerve Ultrasound Protocol to Detect Dysimmune Neuropathies

Published on: October 7, 2021

3.6K
Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4
09:29

Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4

Published on: August 21, 2017

12.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 16, 2026

A Simple Approach to Induce Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis in C57BL/6 Mice for Functional and Neuropathological Assessments
07:30

A Simple Approach to Induce Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis in C57BL/6 Mice for Functional and Neuropathological Assessments

Published on: November 9, 2017

10.2K
Nerve Ultrasound Protocol to Detect Dysimmune Neuropathies
08:56

Nerve Ultrasound Protocol to Detect Dysimmune Neuropathies

Published on: October 7, 2021

3.6K
Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4
09:29

Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4

Published on: August 21, 2017

12.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Peripheral Nervous System Disorders

Background:

  • Peripheral nervous system axons and myelin possess unique antigenic determinants.
  • Despite the blood-nerve barrier, the immune system can attack peripheral nerves.
  • Molecular mimicry, triggered by factors like bacterial oligosaccharides, can initiate immune responses against nerve components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To expand the classification of immune neuropathies based on clinical, electrophysiological, prognostic, and serological features.
  • To identify and validate serologic biomarkers for specific immune neuropathic syndromes.
  • To understand the antigenic characterization of motor and sensory systems in immune neuropathies.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing research on immune neuropathies.
  • Analysis of clinical, electrophysiological, and serological data from various neuropathic syndromes.
  • Evaluation of associations between autoantibodies and specific neuropathic presentations.

Main Results:

  • Immune neuropathies are classified into acute (e.g., Guillain-Barré syndrome variants) and chronic (e.g., chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy variants) forms.
  • Strong biomarker associations exist for Miller-Fisher syndrome (anti-GQ1b), multifocal motor neuropathy (anti-GM1), and distal acquired symmetric neuropathy (anti-MAG).
  • Myelin-associated glycoprotein and anti-ganglioside autoantibodies are significant putative biomarkers, though many require further validation.

Conclusions:

  • The classification of immune neuropathies has evolved, recognizing distinct clinical and prognostic subtypes.
  • Serologic biomarkers, particularly autoantibodies, are crucial for diagnosing and characterizing specific immune neuropathies.
  • Future advancements in targeted immunotherapy, such as monoclonal antibodies, will likely increase the relevance of serologic biomarkers.