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Depersonalization: physiological or pathological in adolescents?

Francesca Fagioli1, Alice Dell'Erba2, Vanina Migliorini3

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Depersonalization (DP) symptoms are linked to mental disorders in adults but may be a normal part of adolescence. This study found higher DP symptoms in psychiatric patients versus controls, with adolescents showing unique patterns.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Adolescent Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Depersonalization (DP) symptoms are a clinical concern, particularly in adolescents.
  • Understanding DP symptom prevalence across different age groups and clinical populations is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and characteristics of DP symptoms in both psychiatric patients and healthy individuals.
  • To explore potential differences in DP symptoms between adolescents and adults.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed 267 subjects (149 patients, 118 controls) aged 14-65 years using the Cambridge Depersonalisation Scale (CDS), SCID-I, and K-SADS.
  • Divided the sample into two age groups: under 21 years and 21 years and older.

Main Results:

  • Patients exhibited significantly higher CDS scores than healthy controls.
  • No significant age-related difference in DP symptoms was observed among patients.
  • Healthy individuals under 21 years reported significantly higher CDS scores compared to older healthy controls.

Conclusions:

  • DP symptoms in adults are often associated with mental disorders.
  • In adolescents, DP symptoms might represent a quasi-physiological phenomenon rather than a disorder.