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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
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Seizures: Classification01:13

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Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study
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The concept of temporal 'plus' epilepsy.

P Kahane1, C Barba2, S Rheims3

  • 1GIN, Inserm, U836, chemin Fortuné-Ferrini, 38700 La Tronche, France; University Grenoble-Alpes, université Joseph-Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France; Épilepsie et malaises neurologiques, neurology department, hôpital Michallon, CHU de Grenoble, boulevard de la Chantourne, 38700 La Tronche, France.

Revue Neurologique
|March 10, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Temporal

Keywords:
Chirurgie de l’épilepsieEpilepsy surgerySEEGTemporal lobe epilepsyTemporal plus epilepsyÉpilepsie temporaleÉpilepsie temporale plus

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Epileptology

Background:

  • Temporal 'plus' epilepsy (T+E) describes complex multilobar epilepsies.
  • These conditions present with electroclinical features suggesting temporal lobe epilepsy.
  • MRI may show hippocampal sclerosis or be unremarkable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the emergence and definition of temporal 'plus' epilepsy.
  • To clarify the meaning and implications of T+E.
  • To discuss practical considerations for T+E.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and clinical observations.
  • Analysis of intracerebral electrode recordings.
  • Synthesis of electroclinical and neuroimaging findings.

Main Results:

  • T+E unifies specific forms of multilobar epilepsy.
  • Seizures in T+E originate from complex networks involving the temporal lobe and adjacent regions.
  • These regions include the orbitofrontal cortex, insulo-opercular region, and temporo-parieto-occipital junction.

Conclusions:

  • Temporal 'plus' epilepsy represents a distinct epilepsy syndrome.
  • Understanding T+E is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
  • Further research into T+E networks can improve patient outcomes.