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Acid-sensing ion channels and their modulators.

D I Osmakov1, Ya A Andreev, S A Kozlov

  • 1Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia. serg@ibch.ru.

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Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) detect pH changes, influencing pain and neurological processes. Modulators of these channels show promise as novel pain relief and neuroprotective drugs.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are crucial proton-gated sodium channels expressed in neurons.
  • They play significant roles in various physiological and pathological processes, including pain sensation.
  • ASICs are involved in conditions like inflammation, ischemic stroke, and seizures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the structure, function, and physiological roles of ASIC channels.
  • To describe known ligands that modulate ASIC activity.
  • To discuss the practical relevance of ASIC modulators as therapeutic agents.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications on ASICs.
  • Analysis of ASIC channel structure and function.
  • Compilation of data on ASIC ligands and their therapeutic potential.

Main Results:

  • ASICs are vital for sensing pH fluctuations in the body.
  • ASIC activity is linked to pain perception and neurological disorders.
  • Numerous ligands targeting ASICs have been identified.

Conclusions:

  • ASICs are key players in pain signaling and neurological function.
  • Targeting ASICs offers a promising avenue for developing new analgesics and neuroprotective therapies.
  • Further research into ASIC modulators is warranted for clinical applications.