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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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Neonatal thyrotoxicosis caused by maternal autoimmune hyperthyroidism.

Miguel Fragata Correia1, Ana Teresa Maria2, Sara Prado2

  • 1Departamento de Pediatria Médica, Hospital Dona Estefânia, Lisboa, Portugal.

BMJ Case Reports
|March 10, 2015
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Summary

Neonatal immune hyperthyroidism, a rare condition, arises from maternal Graves

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Last Updated: Apr 16, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neonatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Neonatal immune hyperthyroidism is a rare but potentially fatal condition affecting 1-5% of infants born to mothers with Graves' disease (GD).
  • It is typically caused by maternal antibodies crossing the placenta and stimulating the fetal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor.

Observation:

  • This case report details neonatal thyrotoxicosis in an infant detected at 25 days of age.
  • The condition stemmed from the mother's diagnosis of Graves' disease.

Findings:

  • The study highlights the mechanism of transplacental antibody transfer leading to fetal thyroid overstimulation.
  • It underscores the importance of recognizing maternal Graves' disease in neonatal care.

Implications:

  • Early diagnosis and management of neonatal thyrotoxicosis are crucial to prevent severe outcomes.
  • Awareness of potential diagnostic pitfalls is essential for clinicians managing these cases.
  • This case contributes to understanding the clinical presentation and management of neonatal hyperthyroidism.