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Studies on the effects of omeprazole on thyroid function in the rat
C K Atterwill1, C G Brown, K L Fowler
1Smith Kline & French Research Ltd, Welwyn, Herts, UK.
The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
|October 1, 1989
Summary
Omeprazole, an H+, K+-ATPase inhibitor, weakly affects the pituitary-thyroid-liver axis. It primarily inhibits peripheral deiodination of thyroid hormones, impacting T3 and TSH levels in rats.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Omeprazole is a widely used proton pump inhibitor.
- Its potential impact on endocrine function, specifically the thyroid axis, requires investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of omeprazole on thyroid hormone parameters and related enzyme activities in rats.
Main Methods:
- Rats were orally administered omeprazole at varying doses for 7 or 14 days.
- Plasma T3, serum TSH, thyroid 125I uptake, liver 5'-deiodinase activity, and thyroxine clearance were measured.
- In-vitro studies assessed omeprazole's inhibition of TSH-stimulated 125I organification.
Main Results:
- Omeprazole decreased plasma T3 and increased serum TSH concentrations in male rats.
- No significant changes were observed in thyroid 125I uptake or organification.
- Liver 5'-deiodinase activity was reduced in male rats, suggesting inhibition of peripheral hormone deiodination.
Conclusions:
- Omeprazole exhibits weak effects on the pituitary-thyroid-liver axis.
- The primary mechanism involves the inhibition of peripheral deiodination of thyroid hormones.