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Cinnamaldehyde promotes root branching by regulating endogenous hydrogen sulfide.

Yan-Feng Xue1,2, Meng Zhang1,2, Zhong-Qiang Qi1,2

  • 1Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China.

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Cinnamaldehyde (CA) promotes pepper seedling lateral root (LR) formation by increasing endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) levels. This study reveals CA

Keywords:
cinnamaldehydehydrogen sulfidelateral rootpepperroot branching

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cinnamaldehyde (CA) is used in medicine and food preservation.
  • Its role in plant physiology, particularly root development, is largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the effect of CA on root branching in pepper seedlings.
  • Elucidate the biochemical mechanism underlying CA-induced root development.

Main Methods:

  • Treatment of pepper seedlings with varying concentrations of CA.
  • Assay of L-cysteine desulfhydrase activity to measure hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production.
  • In situ fluorescent tracking of endogenous H2S.
  • Application of H2S donor (sodium hydrosulfide) and H2S scavenger (hypotaurine).

Main Results:

  • CA significantly induced lateral root (LR) formation without inhibiting primary root (PR) growth.
  • CA increased endogenous H2S generation by enhancing L-cysteine desulfhydrase activity.
  • H2S accumulated in PR cells where LRs emerge; H2S donor promoted LR formation, while scavenger inhibited it.
  • Hypotaurine addition reduced CA-induced H2S levels and counteracted LR induction.

Conclusions:

  • Cinnamaldehyde effectively promotes lateral root formation in pepper seedlings.
  • This promotion is mediated by an increase in endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) signaling.
  • Findings highlight CA's agricultural potential and advance understanding of H2S in root development.