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Management of pediatric intestinal failure.
1Center for Intestinal Care and Transplant, Medstar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Washington, DC, USA - csm5@gunet.georgetown.edu.
Minerva Pediatrica
|March 11, 2015
Summary
Intestinal failure (IF), often caused by short bowel syndrome (SBS), requires understanding remaining intestinal function for successful management. Optimizing nutrition and managing complications are key to improving outcomes for affected children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Surgical Gastroenterology
- Clinical Nutrition
Background:
- Intestinal failure (IF) impairs nutrient and fluid absorption.
- Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is the most frequent cause of IF in children.
- Effective management hinges on individualized assessment of remaining intestinal function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the critical factors influencing the prognosis and management of pediatric intestinal failure, particularly SBS.
- To detail strategies for successful therapeutic interventions and nutritional support.
- To review potential complications associated with IF and parenteral nutrition (PN).
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on pediatric intestinal failure and short bowel syndrome.
- Analysis of variables impacting prognosis, including intestinal anatomy and clinical management.
- Evaluation of medical and surgical intervention outcomes.
Main Results:
- Successful management involves graduated enteral nutrition (EN) and reduced parenteral nutrition (PN).
- Complications of IF and PN include liver disease, bacterial overgrowth, and infections.
- Surgical options like bowel lengthening and intestinal transplantation offer solutions for select cases.
Conclusions:
- Individualized assessment of remaining intestinal function is paramount for successful IF management.
- A multidisciplinary approach is essential to mitigate complications and optimize outcomes.
- Advanced therapies, including surgery and transplantation, are vital for severe cases.
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