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Mast cells in ulcerative colitis. Quantitative and ultrastructural studies.

M Balázs¹, G Illyés, G Vadász

¹Department of Pathology, János Hospital, Budapest, Hungary.

Virchows Archiv. B, Cell Pathology Including Molecular Pathology

|January 1, 1989

Summary

Mast cells accumulate and degranulate intensely during active ulcerative colitis. These changes, including rapid degranulation, suggest a functional role in the disease, particularly near blood vessels and nerves.

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Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Immunology
Cell Biology

Background:

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease.
Mast cells are immune cells involved in inflammatory responses.
Understanding mast cell behavior is crucial for ulcerative colitis research.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the changes in mast cell number and ultrastructure in ulcerative colitis patients.
To compare mast cell activity during active disease versus remission.
To elucidate the potential functional role of mast cells in ulcerative colitis.

Main Methods:

Analysis of 37 colonoscopic biopsies from ulcerative colitis patients.
Utilized semithin sections stained with Giemsa after osmium tetroxide fixation for precise cell counting.

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Compared mast cell morphology and density in active disease and remission stages.

Main Results:

Significant accumulation and intense degranulation of mast cells observed in the active stage of ulcerative colitis.
Identified two degranulation forms: individual granule release and cytoplasmic process protrusion.
Mast cells showed close association with capillary blood vessels, nerves, and myofibroblasts.

Conclusions:

Mast cell accumulation and degranulation are prominent features of active ulcerative colitis.
Rapid degranulation mechanisms were observed, similar to those in animal models.
The close proximity of mast cells to neural and vascular structures suggests a potential functional correlation in disease pathogenesis.