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Evaluating Leaf Responses to Microbial Secondary Metabolites Using A High-Throughput Format
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Phytosulfokine peptide signalling.

Margret Sauter1

  • 1Plant Developmental Biology and Plant Physiology, University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 5, 24118 Kiel, Germany msauter@bot.uni-kiel.de.

Journal of Experimental Botany
|March 11, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Phytosulfokine (PSK) is a plant peptide growth factor with diverse roles in plant development and immunity. This review details PSK

Keywords:
CalmodulincGMPcell elongationdefenceguanylate cyclaseleucine-rich repeat receptor kinasephosphorylationphytosulfokinereproductionsulfated peptide growth factor.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • Plant peptide hormones
  • Plant growth factors

Background:

  • Phytosulfokine (PSK) is a disulfated pentapeptide growth factor found ubiquitously in higher plants.
  • PSK is synthesized via precursor genes, processed in the trans-Golgi and apoplast, and secreted.
  • It signals through a leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase (PSKR1) at the cell surface.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of Phytosulfokine (PSK) synthesis, signaling pathways, and biological activities.
  • To highlight the diverse roles of PSK in plant growth, development, and defense.
  • To explore the integration of growth and defense signals by PSK.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Phytosulfokine (PSK) research.
  • Analysis of PSK precursor gene expression and protein processing.
  • Investigation of PSK receptor (PSKR1) structure, function, and regulation.

Main Results:

  • PSK is perceived by the receptor kinase PSKR1, which possesses guanylate cyclase activity, leading to dual-signal outputs.
  • PSK regulates plant growth, root apical meristem activity, pollen tube guidance, and immune responses.
  • PSK acts both cell-autonomously and non-cell autonomously, influencing receptor-deficient cells.

Conclusions:

  • Phytosulfokine (PSK) is a crucial peptide regulating multiple physiological processes in plants.
  • PSK integrates growth and defense pathways, balancing metabolic costs.
  • Further research into PSK signaling networks can reveal novel strategies for crop improvement.