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[Low anterior resection syndrome].

P Kocián, J Hoch

    Rozhledy V Chirurgii : Mesicnik Ceskoslovenske Chirurgicke Spolecnosti
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) affects up to 50% of patients after rectal cancer surgery, causing significant bowel dysfunction. This review details LARS causes, prevention, and treatment options to improve patient outcomes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Colorectal Surgery
    • Surgical Oncology
    • Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Rectal cancer surgery quality is defined by oncological radicality, complications, recurrence, and survival.
    • Low anterior resection (LAR) can lead to significant rectal dysfunction, termed low anterior resection syndrome (LARS), affecting 25-50% of patients.
    • LARS symptoms include bowel dysfunction, incontinence, and sexual/urinary issues, often overlooked despite high prevalence.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review alterations in anorectal physiology post-LAR.
    • To explore the etiology and risk factors associated with LARS.
    • To discuss neorectal reservoir construction, and LARS prevention and treatment strategies.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review focusing on anorectal physiology, LARS etiology, and surgical techniques.
    • Analysis of current prevention and treatment options for LARS.
    • Inclusion of data on associated sexual and urinary dysfunctions.

    Main Results:

    • LAR significantly alters anorectal physiology, leading to LARS.
    • Various neorectal reservoir constructions impact LARS severity.
    • Multiple strategies exist for LARS prevention and management, including surgical modifications and conservative treatments.

    Conclusions:

    • LARS is a common and impactful complication of low anterior resection for rectal cancer.
    • Understanding LARS pathophysiology and risk factors is crucial for effective management.
    • Optimizing surgical techniques and implementing targeted interventions can mitigate LARS and improve quality of life.