[The first lung re-transplantation in the Czech Republic]

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Pulmonology
• Transplant Surgery

Background:

• Lung re-transplantation is an established treatment for graft failure following initial lung transplantation.
• The Czech Republic's lung transplant program has performed its first re-transplantation in 2012.
• Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare lung disease often necessitating lung transplantation.

Observation:

• A female patient with LAM underwent a left single lung transplantation in 1998.
• Over 12 years post-transplant, the patient developed chronic respiratory insufficiency due to bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS).
• The patient was re-listed for transplantation and underwent a successful right single lung re-transplantation in 2012.

Findings:

• Successful single-lung re-transplantation was performed on the right side.
• The re-transplantation addressed chronic respiratory insufficiency caused by BOS.
• This case highlights the feasibility of lung re-transplantation in select patients.

Implications:

• Lung re-transplantation offers a second chance for patients experiencing graft failure, particularly those with BOS.
• Effective organ allocation strategies are crucial for managing the demand for re-transplantation.
• This case contributes to the understanding of long-term outcomes and management of lung transplant recipients.