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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Headaches are a common complaint in school-aged children.
  • Understanding prevalence patterns is crucial for public health initiatives and clinical management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review age-related headache prevalence in children.
  • To assess secular trends in childhood headache prevalence over the last decade.
  • To examine gender and regional variations in headache prevalence.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted in MEDLINE.
  • Included studies focused on headache prevalence in children and adolescents.
  • 37 relevant studies were identified from an initial search of 570.

Main Results:

  • Headache prevalence significantly increases with age in school-aged children.
  • Four studies indicate a general increase in headache prevalence over the past decade, though the extent varies.
  • Headache prevalence is higher in girls compared to boys.
  • No distinct regional differences in headache prevalence were observed.

Conclusions:

  • Age is a significant factor in childhood headache prevalence.
  • A potential upward trend in pediatric headaches warrants further investigation.
  • Gender disparities in headache prevalence are evident in children and adolescents.