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Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness and Safety of Shugan Jieyu Capsules for the Treatment of Insomnia
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Feeding methods, sleep arrangement, and infant sleep patterns: a Chinese population-based study.

Xiao-Na Huang1, Hui-Shan Wang1, Jen-Jen Chang2

  • 1Department of Children Health, National Center for Maternal and Children Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.

World Journal of Pediatrics : WJP
|March 11, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Partial breastfeeding and bed-sharing are linked to less infant sleep. Formula-fed infants slept more than breastfed infants, but differences narrowed over time. Room-sharing improved daytime sleep, while sleeping alone improved nighttime sleep.

Keywords:
breast feedingfeeding methodinfant sleepsleep arrangement

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Infant Nutrition

Background:

  • Inconsistent findings exist regarding feeding methods and infant sleep.
  • This study aimed to clarify the relationship between infant feeding methods, sleep arrangements, and sleep patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine infant sleep patterns from birth to eight months based on feeding methods.
  • To investigate the influence of sleep arrangements on infant sleep duration and frequency.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal cohort study of 524 infants followed from birth to eight months postpartum in China.
  • Sleep diaries recorded by caregivers captured feeding methods and sleep patterns.
  • Multivariable mixed growth curve models analyzed the data, controlling for various socioeconomic and demographic factors.

Main Results:

  • Exclusively formula-fed infants showed the highest sleep percentage, followed by exclusively breast milk-fed, then partially breast milk-fed infants (P<0.01).
  • Night waking frequency mirrored sleep percentage patterns, with differences diminishing over time.
  • Room-sharing was associated with greater daytime and 24-hour sleep, while sleeping alone was linked to greater nighttime sleep.

Conclusions:

  • Partial breastfeeding and bed-sharing may be associated with reduced infant sleep.
  • Healthcare professionals should support breastfeeding mothers to prevent early cessation.
  • Feeding method and sleep environment significantly impact infant sleep architecture and duration.