Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:38

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

113.9K
Overview
113.9K
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:20

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

12.8K
Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
12.8K
Lipid Absorption01:24

Lipid Absorption

3.8K
Dietary triglycerides from chyme in the duodenum are mixed with bile salts produced by the liver to emulsify fats. As a result, large droplets are broken down into smaller ones, increasing the surface area for enzymatic action. Once emulsified, pancreatic lipases hydrolyze the triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides.
These breakdown products bind with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles, which quickly pass between microvilli to come in close contact with the apical...
3.8K
The Early Endosome: Endocytosis of Transferrin01:28

The Early Endosome: Endocytosis of Transferrin

5.3K
Essential proteins such as insulin or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and micronutrients such as iron enter a eukaryotic cell through receptor-mediated endocytosis. Subsequently, the early endosomes fuse with the vesicles containing such receptor-ligand complexes and play a vital role in sorting the incoming ligands and receptors. While the ligands are either degraded inside the vesicle or released into the cytosol, their receptors are returned to the plasma membrane for further rounds of...
5.3K
Lipid Digestion01:06

Lipid Digestion

108.3K
Lipids are large molecules that are generally not water-soluble. Since most of the digestive enzymes in the human body are water-based, there are specific steps the body must take to break down lipids and make them available for use.
108.3K
Overview of Lipid Metabolism01:24

Overview of Lipid Metabolism

7.1K
Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
7.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Protein secretion by the type IV pilus machinery in <i>Francisella tularensis</i>.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Outer membrane tube formation by <i>Francisella novicida</i> involves extensive envelope modifications and is linked with type VI secretion and alterations to the host phagosomal membrane.

mBio·2025
Same author

TolC and EmrA1 contribute to <i>Francisella novicida</i> multidrug resistance and modulation of host cell death.

Journal of bacteriology·2024
Same author

Optimization of artificial membrane feeding system for lone star ticks, Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae), and experimental infection with Rickettsia amblyommatis (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae).

Journal of medical entomology·2023
Same author

<i>Francisella tularensis</i> disrupts TLR2-MYD88-p38 signaling early during infection to delay apoptosis of macrophages and promote virulence in the host.

mBio·2023
Same author

Structure-Based Design of Dual Bactericidal and Bacteria-Releasing Nanosurfaces.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2023
Same journal

The bacterial SOS response promotes the expression of the transposase encoded by IS<i>CR</i> mobile genetic elements.

Journal of bacteriology·2026
Same journal

Development of a gene-editing strategy to overcome genetic intractability in <i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i>.

Journal of bacteriology·2026
Same journal

Bactofilins are essential spatial organizers of peptidoglycan insertion in the Lyme disease spirochete <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>.

Journal of bacteriology·2026
Same journal

DNA damage-associated vesicle production in <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i> is mediated by the maltocin endolysin.

Journal of bacteriology·2026
Same journal

Characterization of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> aggregation reveals a requirement for both AlpA and AlpB.

Journal of bacteriology·2026
Same journal

Cross-regulation of amino acid synthesis and anaerobic electron transfer by MetR-mediated methionine signaling.

Journal of bacteriology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Enrichment of Native Lipoprotein Particles with microRNA and Subsequent Determination of Their Absolute/Relative microRNA Content and Their Cellular Transfer Rate
11:13

Enrichment of Native Lipoprotein Particles with microRNA and Subsequent Determination of Their Absolute/Relative microRNA Content and Their Cellular Transfer Rate

Published on: May 9, 2019

9.4K

A more flexible lipoprotein sorting pathway.

Peter Chahales1, David G Thanassi2

  • 1Center for Infectious Diseases and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.

Journal of Bacteriology
|March 11, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The N-acyl transferase Lnt is not essential for lipoprotein biogenesis in Francisella tularensis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. This finding challenges the conserved model of bacterial lipoprotein processing and suggests pathway flexibility in pathogens.

More Related Videos

High-Density Lipoprotein-Specific Phospholipid Efflux Assay
07:08

High-Density Lipoprotein-Specific Phospholipid Efflux Assay

Published on: September 30, 2025

548
Isolation and Analysis of Plasma Lipoproteins by Ultracentrifugation
06:47

Isolation and Analysis of Plasma Lipoproteins by Ultracentrifugation

Published on: January 28, 2021

12.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Enrichment of Native Lipoprotein Particles with microRNA and Subsequent Determination of Their Absolute/Relative microRNA Content and Their Cellular Transfer Rate
11:13

Enrichment of Native Lipoprotein Particles with microRNA and Subsequent Determination of Their Absolute/Relative microRNA Content and Their Cellular Transfer Rate

Published on: May 9, 2019

9.4K
High-Density Lipoprotein-Specific Phospholipid Efflux Assay
07:08

High-Density Lipoprotein-Specific Phospholipid Efflux Assay

Published on: September 30, 2025

548
Isolation and Analysis of Plasma Lipoproteins by Ultracentrifugation
06:47

Isolation and Analysis of Plasma Lipoproteins by Ultracentrifugation

Published on: January 28, 2021

12.8K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacterial Pathogenesis
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Lipoprotein biogenesis is crucial for Gram-negative bacteria, involving a generally conserved and essential pathway.
  • The N-acyl transferase (Lnt) enzyme is typically considered a key component in this conserved pathway.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the essentiality of the N-acyl transferase Lnt in lipoprotein biogenesis in specific Gram-negative pathogens.
  • To challenge the established model of a universally conserved and essential lipoprotein processing pathway.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of lipoprotein processing in *Francisella tularensis* and *Neisseria gonorrhoeae*.
  • Genetic studies to assess the requirement of Lnt in these bacterial species.

Main Results:

  • The N-acyl transferase Lnt was found to be non-essential for lipoprotein biogenesis in *Francisella tularensis*.
  • Lnt was also demonstrated to be dispensable for lipoprotein processing in *Neisseria gonorrhoeae*.
  • These results contradict the established model of essentiality for Lnt in Gram-negative bacteria.

Conclusions:

  • The lipoprotein biogenesis pathway in certain Gram-negative bacteria, such as *Francisella* and *Neisseria*, is more flexible than previously thought.
  • A modified Lol transporter complex may facilitate this alternative pathway.
  • Pathogenic bacteria might regulate lipoprotein processing to influence host interactions.