Radiological features of hepatocellular carcinoma

Area of Science:

• Radiology and Medical Imaging
• Hepatobiliary Oncology

Background:

• Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis traditionally relied on invasive biopsies.
• Advancements in imaging technology have significantly improved non-invasive diagnostic capabilities.
• Imaging plays a crucial role throughout the HCC patient management pathway.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the radiological features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) across diverse imaging modalities.
• To highlight the diagnostic, surveillance, therapeutic, and response assessment utility of imaging in HCC.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature and imaging data on hepatocellular carcinoma.
• Description of classical and atypical radiological presentations of HCC.
• Analysis of various imaging modalities including CT, MRI, and Ultrasound.

Main Results:

• Imaging modalities can accurately diagnose HCC, often obviating the need for biopsy.
• Specific radiological features, both typical and atypical, are characteristic of HCC.
• Imaging is integral for monitoring treatment efficacy and disease progression.

Conclusions:

• Modern radiological imaging is indispensable for the comprehensive management of hepatocellular carcinoma.
• Familiarity with imaging features enables early and accurate HCC diagnosis and monitoring.
• Imaging advancements have transformed HCC care, emphasizing non-invasive assessment.