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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

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A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
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Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

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Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
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Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography01:22

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

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Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
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Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction01:26

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...
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Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management01:17

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management

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In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs...
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Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination01:28

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Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...
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[EARLY EXPERIENCE OF INTRAVESICAL INSTILLATION OF DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE 50% SOLUTION FOR HUNNER TYPE INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS IN A CLINIC].

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Efficacy and safety of intravesical instillation of KRP-116D (50% dimethyl sulfoxide solution) for interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome in Japanese patients: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical study.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Urinary Tract Infection in a Small Animal Model: Transurethral Catheterization of Male and Female Mice
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[Interstitial cystitis in urology clinic: current status and problems].

Masaharu Nanri, Masayuki Nanri, Kazushige Nanri

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    Summary

    Diagnosing interstitial cystitis (IC) is challenging for physicians, especially in patients without pain. Effective treatment requires recognizing hypersensitive bladder and considering Hunner's ulcer, alongside insurance and lifestyle adjustments.

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    Area of Science:

    • Urology
    • Internal Medicine

    Context:

    • Interstitial cystitis (IC) diagnosis and treatment present significant challenges in clinical practice.
    • Hydrodistention, a key diagnostic procedure, is performed under anesthesia.
    • The study spans a decade of clinical data from March 2002 to April 2013.

    Purpose:

    • To examine complications in the diagnosis and treatment of interstitial cystitis (IC).
    • To identify difficulties faced by general physicians in diagnosing and treating IC.
    • To highlight the need for improved diagnostic and treatment strategies for IC.

    Summary:

    • The study analyzed 82 suspected IC cases, diagnosing 67 patients.
    • A notable finding was that 43% of diagnosed patients were asymptomatic, leading to delayed diagnosis.
    • Treatment discontinuation due to ineffectiveness was reported in 42% of patients.
    • Hydrodistention under anesthesia was employed for diagnosis.

    Impact:

    • Physicians must consider IC in patients with hypersensitive bladders, including asymptomatic cases.
    • Increased awareness of Hunner's ulcer is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
    • Recommendations include improving health insurance coverage for hydrodistention and emphasizing behavioral/dietary modifications.