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Related Concept Videos

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The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
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Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
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The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
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The vestibular system is a set of inner ear structures that provide a sense of balance and spatial orientation. This system is comprised of structures within the labyrinth of the inner ear, including the cochlea and two otolith organs—the utricle and saccule. The labyrinth also contains three semicircular canals—superior, posterior, and horizontal—that are oriented on different planes.
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Untangling visual and proprioceptive contributions to hand localisation over time.

Valeria Bellan1, Helen R Gilpin, Tasha R Stanton

  • 1Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia & PainAdelaide, Adelaide, 5001, Australia.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Human Perception
  • Sensory Integration

Background:

  • Self-localisation integrates visual and proprioceptive cues, with a bias towards vision.
  • The temporal dynamics of visual-proprioceptive integration during self-localisation, particularly under conflicting sensory information, are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the brain weighs visual and proprioceptive information over time during hand localisation when visual cues are incongruent with actual hand position.
  • To test hypotheses regarding accuracy, reliance on vision versus proprioception, and the effect of immediate visual removal.

Main Methods:

  • Participants localised their hidden right hand using a visual arrow under congruent and incongruent visual-proprioceptive conditions (eyes open/closed).
  • A second experiment confirmed findings with reversed arrow direction.
  • Localization accuracy and perceived hand position shifts over time were measured.

Main Results:

  • Incongruent conditions led to initial reliance on seen hand position, followed by a gradual shift towards the felt (proprioceptive) position.
  • Closing eyes before localisation in incongruent conditions improved accuracy and accelerated the shift to proprioception.
  • Arrow direction did not influence hand localisation.

Conclusions:

  • Human hand self-localisation accuracy decreases with visual-proprioceptive incongruence.
  • There is a temporal shift in sensory reliance, from vision to proprioception, which is accelerated by immediate visual occlusion.
  • Findings contribute to understanding normal and pathological self-localisation processes.